ATC may assign the MOCA when specific conditions exist, and when within what distance of a VOR?

The Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude (MOCA) is an important altitude that provides a specific level of terrain clearance along an airway, as well as within a certain distance from a VOR navigational aid. The correct answer is based on the established criteria that ATC may assign the MOCA when an aircraft is within 22 nautical miles of a VOR.

When the aircraft is within this distance, the MOCA ensures adequate vertical clearance over obstacles in the area, which is particularly crucial in mountainous or obstacle-rich environments. The MOCA provides a level of safety for aircraft operating on Victor airways, allowing pilots to navigate while ensuring they maintain a safe distance from ground obstructions.

Understanding this distance is vital for pilots, as it dictates the altitude they should maintain for safe operations. Effective use of the MOCA can significantly improve situational awareness and safety during IFR flights by ensuring that pilots are aware of terrain and obstacle concerns in proximity to their flight path.