What does the term “cold weather ops” refer to in instrument flight?

The term "cold weather ops" refers to the specific procedures and precautions that pilots must take to address the effects of low temperatures on aircraft performance and systems. In cold weather, aircraft performance can be significantly influenced by factors such as increased ice accumulation, changes in fuel viscosity, and the operation of engine systems.

For instance, pilots need to be aware of the effects of ice on lift and drag, as well as how cold temperatures can impact the functioning of critical components like pitot tubes and static systems. Additionally, cold temperatures can affect fuel and oil systems, necessitating measures to prevent fuel freeze and ensuring that hydraulic systems operate effectively.

These operational guidelines encompass a wide range of practices, including preflight inspections, preheating the engines, ensuring de-icing and anti-icing procedures are in place, and being vigilant for other weather-related phenomena that can occur in cold environments. Understanding and implementing these procedures is essential for maintaining aircraft safety and performance during winter operations.